Highlights:

• Ethanol consumption has increased from roughly 1,700 million liters in 2010 to 3,034 million liters in 2018 (0.5% less than in 2017), accounting for 6.5% of the volume of blended gasoline fuel.
• Renewable fuel consumption in the diesel pool was 711 million liters in 2018 (1.5% larger than in 2017), accounting for 2.5% of the volume of blended diesel fuel.
• Annual avoided lifecycle greenhouse gas emissions resulting from biofuel consumption were 5.6 Mt/yr in 2018 (1% larger than in 2017). Average abatement costs from the consumers’ perspective is -322 $/tCO_2e ­ in the ethanol pool and 149 $/tCO_2e ­ in the diesel pool.
• On net, we estimate that biofuel consumption reduced fuel expenditures in Canada by 0.8% from 2010 through 2018, relative to a counterfactual scenario without biofuel consumption.
• Because of differences in fuel energy density and fuel costs, consumers in Canada have paid more taxes as a result of biofuel blending and consumption, relative to a counterfactual scenario without biofuel consumption. These “surtaxes” have grown to a cumulative total of $1.6 billion from 2010 through to the end of 2018.